THE CAUCASIAN CHALK CIRCLE

"Art is not a mirror that hangs up to highlight realty, but a hammer that shapes reality," says Brecht. Its idea is that reality is not fixed, but should be arranged in a fair manner. Watching these plays, the audience gets an understanding of how we should adjust our thinking for such a fair society.
 
'The Caucasian Chalk Circle', written by playwright Bertolt Brecht in 1944, was staged for the first time in 1948. A drama script must have a theme, so the theme of story is "To what belongs to what it deserves". Similarly, the creation should be based on a certain plot, for which the dramatist has succeeded in staging his ideas for humanitarian and social justice by showing the dictatorship of the ruling class that does not listen to the voice of the people in the era of imperialism.
Dissociation is a theater concept introduced by Brecht. There is a flow of conflict situations in a script of a play. There ,

    Bertolt Brecht

1. The conflict between the maid Grusha and the queen Natalya regarding the child is an example of conflict between humans.
2. The conflict between man and the environment is exemplified by Vannavu crossing the Grusha Valley Bridge.
3. For the conflict between the man and his mind, in the drama of the chalk round, when Asadak draws a chalk round and puts the child in it, a conflict is created in the mind due to the desire to get the child in Grusha's heart and the fear of causing trouble to the child.
4. Conflict between man and supernatural forces.
 
Two styles of drama presentation are Loka Dharma and Natya Dharma. Loka Dharmi dramas are created in a way that is close to natural style of  ordinary life. plays belong to Loka Dharmi style according to Bharata Muni who is the father of Indian drama.
The king and queen, who are leaving for the feast on Easter Sunday, are so sorry for the suffering of the people. In Marxist philosophy, Marx once said that religion is an opiate. That is, religion appears as a means of providing temporary substitute comfort to get rid of oppression without making a complete change in the social system. It shows that the rulers are trying to make the people forget the unkind decisions of the capitalist class and pretend to be a heaven. Even during the war, the king of Georgia decided to demolish the slums to enlarge the palace.

Therefore, even when the brutality spreads through a war, the king's decision is the new construction of the palace. This king does not hesitate to demolish many slum houses and deprive the people of their homes for the personal use of the royal family without any responsibility. "Can't you see the blindness, the gods walk on the backs of the great men, who know the bent backs" shows that the ruler is blind and how they have reduced the people to such a low level that they walk like gods on the backs of the little man.
The king builds palaces for his personal gain in a state that does not even have a stable military strength. The ruler does not have the head to realize that even palaces without a strong foundation, no matter how much they are built, will fall down. In the capitalist economic system, everything can be done for money, the capitalist must understand that his destruction can also be based on that money.

A review is of the opinion that killing the young king in the drama and displaying his head in the palace is an unethical act. But does the society dislike murder on the platform of a society that kills people openly? The dead head is a symbol to represent a cultural environment where the human subject collides in a post-war period.

However, the officials who are dedicated for the protection of the state are in it. There are also those who brag about their duties saying, "A good soldier is a good soldier who does not care if he is cut to pieces for his superior officer when he receives an order without heart or chest." But that's only until he gets his due fee.Grusha also sees the soldier who goes to protect the queen on duty as a fool. Although it is foolish for Grisha to have to sacrifice his life for a worthless person on an unsafe journey, it is only a good soldier doing his duty properly. It is only a tool that exists to identify each other's loyalties.

"My heart is bound son, I cannot live without you son" a motherly love for the child was born in Grusha. The Electra complex complex of affection between mother and son in psychoanalytical theory is also shown here. Instead of the silk robes that he inherited to live as a prince, he wraps his body in rags, instead of bathing in boiling water, he sacrifices himself in such a way that he can wash himself in cold water. Grisha saves the child by saying that you should be a man instead of paying for the children who do not know their parents for their disobedience. It is clear that between the mother born in the chalk circle the mother born in the birth mother, there is a tenderness or moisture in the heart of the child, and the lower goals of the born mother are more than the affection of the child. The universal truth of fairness gives the play a positive ending, summing up the judgment that those with gentle virtue should win children and if anything, it should belong to the deserving.

"It is more pleasurable to sit in the open and decide the law than to sit inside and judge, the wind blows away the cloaks of the law and the truth emerges" said the judge, Asadak, who is the ruler of the law. In a post-war era, the law is a veiled falsehood that has won. As Sulagin or Soumya says, "The law is shaken by the thunder, the judge preserves it with these great laws, justice, justice, law empty-handed, the oppressed have received it" It makes it clear that the people are always defeated by the misdeeds of the authorities and that the state needs justice and law and that the rule of law should be the same for the ruler and the ruled.

Because of this, everything is done for some reason and a hungry person becomes a murderer because of the selfish and uncompassionate feelings of the people in the society. On the basis of the value of humanity, the power of the citizen in a peaceful society is also challenging before the law.In going to punish a human being for the crime of catching a rabbit, from a humanitarian point of view, "I caught a rabbit trying to catch you is a man created by God" to understand the value of a human life. Brecht is not only a dramatist, but also a poet, thinker, philosopher, and what a philosopher does is to find and provide answers to the philosophical problems we face. Therefore, the meaning felt in the adage that the pen is mightier than the sword is that there is nothing impossible for the author.

Through the dialogue between Grusha and the soldier, "Was the girl asking for apples for the winter?" Even in the post-war period, it is questioned whether a woman is enough for a man to maintain. His understanding that taking refuge in a woman is a responsible and maintainable bond is valuable. He knows that through this soft address like a girl child, a woman will answer melek. Therefore, he has a good understanding of women.When Grusha sees the child, others say "Put that child down and run away", but Grusha's compassion is not found in any other character in the play.

"Look, this is the curse of goodness," said Grusha, who went to help the helpless prince and was branded in the society as a woman alone with a child. It is used to measure by common measure.Grusha has a kind heart that can understand the love of a child and the needs of a new born child, even though she has to go to the law in the end. In order to escape from this, the child was placed in a place where it could be maintained, and at that time, the public identified the child as a child of a high class through silk cloth in the royal palace.It is impossible for her to carry the child so far and get lost. She takes risks for the child by staying and going together. She saves her child's life by saying that the hole is deep and the bottom is not visible, but she has a challenge to overcome.

This is the strategy used by the past Prime Ministers when he took over the government to explain to the people the uncertain future situation that has arisen in the current politics. They worked to show that even though the future is uncertain, this is the right thing to do at this moment and failure is not doing it. Through the use of silk cloths and rags to symbolically show those who have and those who do not have the power, a character portrayal of the drunken priest and Asadak is emotional.

Written by Gayani karunarathne